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Ahmad Zafar ¹, U. M. Johari ¹, D. M. Sakarkar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, S. N. Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad, Dist. Yavatmal (M.S.), Pin - 445 204, IN

Abstract

To increase the bioavailability of the drug in eye it is necessary to increase the residence time of the formulation with minimum solution drainage and untoward disposition of the instilled dose. The reliable method to overcome the above problem is in-situ ophthalmic gel. Combination of carbopol 940, a pH dependent polymer and methyl cellulose A4M, a thermo sensitive polymer were used for present research. The total six batches were prepared and subjected to the evaluation. Rheological studies, gel strength measurement, bioadhesion force measurement, drug content uniformity, in-vitro release study were carried out for all formulations. In-vitro study shows drug release up to 12 hrs. The in-vitro study data treated with various kinetic equations revealed that drug release follows first order diffusion controlled by Fickian diffusion mechanism. The optimized batch is subjected to eye safety evaluation, stability study and comparison with marketed preparation for in-vitro release. The present formulation shows the negligible difference in drug release as compare to the marketed preparation. Hence it is concluded that the present formulation will perform well in the eye upon instillation as in-situ gel.

Keywords

In-Situ Ophthalmic Gel, pH Dependent Polymer, Thermo-Sensitive Polymer.

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S. S. Chitlange ¹, Kiran Bagri ¹, D. M. Sakarkar ²

Affiliations
1 Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Pimpri, Pune-411018, IN
2 S. N. Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad, IN

Abstract

Present work describes a precise, accurate and reproducible Reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous estimation of Amlodipine besylate (AMLB) and Valsartan (VAT) on RP C-18 Column (Kromasil, 250×4.6 mm) using acetonitrile:phosphate buffer (0.02M, pH 3.0), (56:44 v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength was 234 nm. The retention time for AMLB and VAT was found to be 3.07 and 6.20 min, respectively. The method was also applied for the determination of AMLB and VAT in the presence of their degradation products formed under variety of stress conditions. Proposed method was validated for precision, accuracy, linearity range, robustness and ruggedness.

Keywords

Amlodipine Besylate, Valsartan, Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Stability Indicating Method.

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S. K. Ghate ¹, D. M. Sakarkar ²

Affiliations
1 IBSS College of Pharmacy, Malkapur, IN
2 Sudhakarrao Naik Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad, IN

Abstract

Conventional drug delivery systems have slight control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the controlled or modified release drug delivery systems. They include dosage forms for oral and transdermal administration as well as injectable and implantable systems. For most of drugs, oral route remains as the most acceptable route of administration. Certain molecules may have low oral bioavailability because of solubility or permeability limitations. Development of an extended release dosage form also requires reasonable absorption throughout the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). Among the available techniques to improve the bioavailability of these drugs fabrication of osmotic drug delivery system is the most appropriate one. Osmotic drug delivery systems release the drug with the zero order kinetics which does not depend on the initial concentration and the physiological factors of GIT. This review brings out new technologies, fabrication and recent clinical research in osmotic drug delivery. Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems use osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of active agent(s). Drug delivery from these systems, to a large extent, is independent of the physiological factors of the gastrointestinal tract. Because of their unique advantages over other types of dosage forms, osmotic pumps form a class of their own among the various drug delivery technologies, and a variety of products based on this technology are available on the market.

Keywords

Controlled Drug Delivery System, Metoprolol Succinate, Elementary Osmotic Pump, Zero Order Release, Lag Time.

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